{"id":831,"date":"2026-02-01T11:42:48","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T03:42:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ixriver.com\/?p=831"},"modified":"2026-02-01T11:42:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T03:42:48","slug":"http-%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831","title":{"rendered":"HTTP \u534f\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP_%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\" title=\"HTTP \u534f\u8bae\">HTTP \u534f\u8bae<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95\" title=\"\u76ee\u5f55\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP10_http10\" title=\"HTTP\/1.0 {#http10}\">HTTP\/1.0 {#http10}<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#multipartform-data\" title=\"multipart\/form-data\">multipart\/form-data<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP20_http20\" title=\"HTTP\/2.0 {#http20}\">HTTP\/2.0 {#http20}<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#Stream%EF%BC%88%E6%B5%81%EF%BC%89%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7\" title=\"Stream\uff08\u6d41\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u6027\">Stream\uff08\u6d41\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u6027<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#Frame%EF%BC%88%E5%B8%A7%EF%BC%89\" title=\"Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09\">Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP_%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E5%92%8C%E5%BA%94%E7%AD%94%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF\" title=\"HTTP \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u6d88\u606f\">HTTP \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u6d88\u606f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP30_http30\" title=\"HTTP\/3.0 {#http30}\">HTTP\/3.0 {#http30}<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E8%A6%81%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8_QUIC\" title=\"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 QUIC\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 QUIC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#QUIC_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%A2%E5%8C%85%E9%87%8D%E4%BC%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\" title=\"QUIC \u7684\u4e22\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\">QUIC \u7684\u4e22\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#HTTP3_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7\" title=\"HTTP\/3 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\">HTTP\/3 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?p=831\/#%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\" title=\"\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\">\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP_%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\"><\/span>HTTP \u534f\u8bae<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95\"><\/span>\u76ee\u5f55<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#http10\">HTTP\/1.0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#http20\">HTTP\/2.0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#http30\">HTTP\/3.0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP10_http10\"><\/span>HTTP\/1.0 {#http10}<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"multipartform-data\"><\/span>multipart\/form-data<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>multipart\/form-data \u662f HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>POST http:\/\/www.example.com HTTP\/1.1\nContent-Type:multipart\/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA\n------WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=&quot;text&quot;\ntitle\n------WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=&quot;file&quot;; filename=&quot;chrome.png&quot;\nContent-Type: image\/png\nPNG ... content of chrome.png ...\n------WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA--\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP20_http20\"><\/span>HTTP\/2.0 {#http20}<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>HTTP\/2.0 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5f15\u5165\u903b\u8f91\u6982\u5ff5 Stream<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a Stream \u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a Stream \u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u5355\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"HTTP\/2.0 Stream \u590d\u7528\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ixriver.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image_3-1.png\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6539\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u534f\u8bae\u66f4\u7d27\u51d1<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301\u534f\u8bae\u5934\u7684\u538b\u7f29<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\u5934\u4f20\u8f93\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301 Server \u7aef\u7684 Push<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4ea4\u4e92\u6d41\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e76\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6d41\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u8f83\u4e3a\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stream%EF%BC%88%E6%B5%81%EF%BC%89%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7\"><\/span>Stream\uff08\u6d41\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u6027<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a Stream \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u3001\u5728 Client \u548c Server \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09\u4ea4\u6362\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Stream \u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u6027\u8d28\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP\/2 \u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6d41\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7aef\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u6d41\u4ea4\u9519\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n<li>\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4efb\u4e00\u7aef\u70b9\u5f00\u542f\u548c\u5173\u95ed<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6d41\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001\u5e27\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u7aef\u6309\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u5e27\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\uff0cHEADER \u548c DATA \u5e27\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684<\/li>\n<li>\u6d41\u7531\u6574\u6570\u6807\u8bc6\uff08Stream Id\uff09\uff0c\u6d41\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u7531\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u7531 Client \u7aef\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff09\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6d41\uff0cId \u4e3a\u5947\u6570\uff0c\u7531 Server \u7aef\uff08WebServer\uff09\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6d41\uff0cId \u4e3a\u5076\u6570\uff0c0 \u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u7528\u4f5c\u6574\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6807\u8bc6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frame%EF%BC%88%E5%B8%A7%EF%BC%89\"><\/span>Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09\u662f HTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e27\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"HTTP\/2 Frame \u7ed3\u6784\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ixriver.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image_4-1.png\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Length<\/strong>\uff1a24bit \u7684\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6 Payload \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5934\u672c\u8eab\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>Type<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e27\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\uff1a<\/li>\n<li><code>0x0<\/code> &#8211; DATA\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u627f\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5305\u4f53<\/li>\n<li><code>0x1<\/code> &#8211; HEADERS\uff1a\u5305\u5934\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u627f\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5305\u5934<\/li>\n<li><code>0x3<\/code> &#8211; RST_STREAM\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u5f3a\u884c\u5173\u95ed\u6d41\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c TCP \u4e2d\u7684 RST<\/li>\n<li><code>0x4<\/code> &#8211; SETTINGS\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li><code>0x5<\/code> &#8211; PUSH_PROMISE\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e Server \u7aef\u63a8\u9001<\/li>\n<li><code>0x6<\/code> &#8211; PING\uff1a\u4fdd\u6d3b<\/li>\n<li><code>0x8<\/code> &#8211; WINDOW_UPDATE\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flags<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u8bc6\u4f4d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c Type \u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e PING\uff0c<code>0x0<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c<code>0x1<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u662f\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e SETTINGS\uff0c<code>0x1<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u786e\u8ba4\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u5bf9\u7aef\u53d1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6 payload \u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e HEADERS\uff0c<code>0x1<\/code>\uff08END_STREAM\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u6d41\uff1b<code>0x4<\/code>\uff08END_HEADERS\uff09\u8868\u793a\u672c header block\uff08\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6d41\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e DATA\uff0c<code>0x1<\/code>\uff08END_STREAM\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5173\u95ed\u6d41<\/li>\n<li><strong>R<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u7559 bit\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a 0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stream Identifier<\/strong>\uff1aStream \u7684 id\uff0c\u662f 31bit \u7684\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u7531 client \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684 stream \u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5947\u6570\uff0c\u7531 server \u7aef\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684 stream \u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5076\u6570\u30020 \u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528 0 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u5efa stream \u7684 id<\/li>\n<li><strong>Payload<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e Type \u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u542b\u4e49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP_%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E5%92%8C%E5%BA%94%E7%AD%94%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF\"><\/span>HTTP \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u6d88\u606f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u5e94\u7b54\u6d88\u606f\u7531\u5982\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u987a\u5e8f\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u7b54\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709 0 \u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a HEADERS \u5e27\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u901a\u77e5\u7c7b\u7684 HTTP \u5934\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801 1xx\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a HEADERS \u5e27\uff08\u5141\u8bb8\u5305\u542b 0 \u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a CONTINUATION \u5e27\uff09\u5305\u542b\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>0 \u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a DATA \u5e27\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6d88\u606f\u7684 PayLoad<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u5c3e\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a HEADERS \u5e27\uff08\u5141\u8bb8\u8ddf\u968f CONTINUATION \u5e27\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e27\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 END_STREAM \u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u7ed3\u675f\u8fd9\u4e2a Stream<\/li>\n<li>HEADERS \u5e27\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6d41\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP30_http30\"><\/span>HTTP\/3.0 {#http30}<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>HTTP\/3.0 \u662f HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u4e86 TCP \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6539\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e UDP \u7684 QUIC\uff08Quick UDP Internet Connections\uff09\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E8%A6%81%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8_QUIC\"><\/span>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 QUIC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>HTTP\/2.0 \u867d\u7136\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e TCP \u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5931\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7eed\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u5f85\u8be5\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 HTTP \u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>QUIC \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e<\/strong>\uff1aQUIC \u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6d41\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong>\uff1aQUIC \u5c06\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u63e1\u624b\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u63e1\u624b\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u9700 1-RTT \u5373\u53ef\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c0-RTT \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6062\u590d\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc1\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1aQUIC \u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5 ID \u800c\u975e\u56db\u5143\u7ec4\uff08\u6e90 IP\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u6807 IP\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u6807\u8bc6\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5207\u6362\uff08\u5982 WiFi \u5230 4G\uff09\u65f6\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5185\u7f6e\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\uff1aQUIC \u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528 TLS 1.3\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u975e\u53ef\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"QUIC_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%A2%E5%8C%85%E9%87%8D%E4%BC%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\"><\/span>QUIC \u7684\u4e22\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>QUIC \u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c TCP \u4f46\u66f4\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u4e22\u5305\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>QUIC \u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e22\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u4e8e ACK \u7684\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u540e\u7eed\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684 ACK\uff0c\u4f46\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ecd\u672a\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u4e22\u5931<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9608\u503c\uff1a\u5f53\u6bd4\u5b83\u5927\u7684 3 \u4e2a Packet Number \u90fd\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u5305\u4e22\u5931\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c TCP \u7684\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d85\u65f6\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 PTO\uff08Probe Timeout\uff09\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u9884\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u672a\u6536\u5230 ACK\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20<\/li>\n<li>PTO \u65f6\u95f4\u6839\u636e\u5e73\u6ed1 RTT\uff08Smoothed RTT\uff09\u548c RTT \u53d8\u5316\uff08RTT Variation\uff09\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. \u5355\u8c03\u9012\u589e\u7684 Packet Number<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>QUIC \u7684\u5173\u952e\u521b\u65b0\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684 Packet Number\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u91cd\u4f20\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u539f\u59cb\u53d1\u9001: Packet #10, Stream 5, Offset 0-999\n\u4e22\u5931\u68c0\u6d4b\u540e\u91cd\u4f20: Packet #25, Stream 5, Offset 0-999  \uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684 Packet Number\uff09\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<br \/>\n&#8211; \u6d88\u9664\u4e86 TCP \u91cd\u4f20\u6b67\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\uff08Retransmission Ambiguity\uff09<br \/>\n&#8211; \u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684 RTT\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. ACK Frame \u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>QUIC \u7684 ACK Frame \u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684 Packet Number \u8303\u56f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ACK Frame \u793a\u4f8b:\nLargest Acknowledged: 100\nACK Ranges:\n  [98-100]  (\u6536\u5230)\n  [95-96]   (\u6536\u5230)\n  [90-92]   (\u6536\u5230)\n\n\u672a\u786e\u8ba4: 93-94, 97  (\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u4f20)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>4. \u6d41\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u91cd\u4f20<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a Stream \u72ec\u7acb\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u504f\u79fb\uff08Offset\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Stream A \u7684\u4e22\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e Stream B \u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4ed8<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u662f QUIC \u89e3\u51b3 TCP \u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HTTP3_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7\"><\/span>HTTP\/3 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u4e8e QUIC \u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709 HTTP\/3 \u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 QUIC \u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86 QUIC \u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f18\u52bf<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4fdd\u7559 HTTP\/2 \u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u6539\u8fdb\u7684 QPACK \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86 HPACK \u7684\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e\u95ee\u9898\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528<\/li>\n<li>Server Push\uff08\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5f31\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0cHTTP\/3 \u76f8\u6bd4 HTTP\/2 \u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\"><\/span>\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e HTTP\/3 \u4f7f\u7528 UDP \u800c\u975e TCP\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/3\uff1f<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Alt-Svc \u5934<\/strong>\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728 HTTP\/1.1 \u6216 HTTP\/2 \u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de <code>Alt-Svc<\/code> \u5934\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 QUIC \u8bbf\u95ee<br \/>\n   <code>Alt-Svc: h3=\":443\"; ma=2592000<\/code><\/li>\n<li><strong>DNS HTTPS \u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u76f4\u63a5\u58f0\u660e\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/3<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/3\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a<br \/>\n&#8211; https:\/\/http3check.net\/<br \/>\n&#8211; https:\/\/www.http2.pro\/check<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HTTP \u534f\u8bae \u76ee\u5f55 HTTP\/1.0 HTTP\/2.0 HTTP\/3.0 HTTP\/1.0 {#http10 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":""},"post_excerpt_stackable":"<p>\u76ee\u5f55 Toggle HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u76ee\u5f55HTTP\/1.0 {#http10}multipart\/form-dataHTTP\/2.0 {#http20}Stream\uff08\u6d41\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u6027Frame\uff08\u5e27\uff09HTT&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?cat=33\" rel=\"category\">\u7f51\u7edc<\/a>","author_info":{"name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/?author=1"},"comments_num":"0 comments","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=831"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":861,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831\/revisions\/861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.v.ixriver.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}